Nekuda kweiyo dzakasiyana sigedhi munyika dzakasiyana, kune mamwe mutsauko mumabendekete kuita kwekugamuchira bvunzo kana maitiro akadai seEuropean Union standard en 1295 Iri pepa rinotarisa pane ongororo uye hurukuro yemisiyano huru mukuwedzera kwekubudirira kuverenga mumitemo yakasiyana-siyana kana mirau.
1.Chirevo
Ingave kuChina kana kunze kweiyo boiler inogadzirwa uye yakaiswa uye yakaiswa kune vashandisi yekuita zvekutengesa, asi zviyero kana maitiro emabhayeti ekuita bvunzo parizvino anoshandiswa munyika dzakasiyana. hazvina kufanana. European Union Standard en 12952-15: 2003 Mvura-Tube Boiler Chikamu chegumi neshanu chechiitiko chebanga Ichi chiyero chinoshanda zvakare kutenderedza mvura yemubhedha emubhedha. Limestone desulfusization inowedzerwa kune chiyero, icho chakasiyana nemitemo yakakodzera muChina uye lemme Boiler performance tembireti. Iyo ALME Code uye inoenderana makodhi muChina yakakurukurwa zvakadzama, asi kune mashoma mishumo pane hurukuro yeE en 12952-15: 2003.
Parizvino, iyo inowanzoshandiswa pakufunga zviyero zveChina muChina National Standard Etc. Nemafuro anoenderera mberi eChina Boiler Kugadzira Technology, China Boiler Zvigadzirwa zvinozivikanwa zvishoma nezvishoma nemusika wepasirese. Kuti uite zvido zvemisika dzakasiyana, iyo European Union
Zvinyorwa zvikuru zveBoiler Kubudirira kuverenga muEn12952-15-2003 kunoenzaniswa neAseme PTC4-198, GB10W4-1988 uye DLLT964-2005.
Kuti vave nyore kuenzanisa, iyo En12952-15: 2003 chiyero chichajeka seEks chiyero. ASMEPTC4-1998 kodhi yakajeka seAsme Code, GB10184-198 Code inotaurwa seGB Code yePfupi, DLH'964-2005 inonzi di7t pfupi.
2.Zvirimo Zvikuru uye Chikumbiro Chikumbiro
En Izvo zvakakodzera kurwadzisa zvakananga Steam Boilers uye Mvura inopisa mvura, uye michero yavo yebetsero. Izwi rekuti "Directinon" rakaverengerwa pamidziyo ine anozivikanwa mafuta emakemikari akashandurwa kuti apise, iyo inogona kuve neyekurovera mubhedha, kurira kwemubhedha kana chamamber system. Kunze kwezvo, zvinogona kuiswa zvakare kumisikidzwa kwezvinongedzo zvisina kurwadzisa (sekutambisa kupisa boiler) uye michina ichimhanya neyakaipisa midhiya yekufambisa (yakadai gasi, sodium), iyo haina kukodzera kune inopisa mafuta michina (sekuramba incinator), yakamanikidzwa boiler (senge PFBC Boiler) uye Steam Boiler mune yakasanganiswa kutenderera system.
Kusanganisira EN Standard, zviyero zvese kana maitiro ane chekuita nemabhayeti ekuita bvunzo anotaurisa zvakajeka kuti hazvishande kune zvinyoreri zvirimwa muzvinhu zvipi zveropa. Kuenzaniswa neAsme kodhi En standard haina kudzikamisa huwandu hwenzvimbo yemabhajeri inoyerera kuyerera, dzvinyiriro kana tembiricha. Kusvika seSteam Boilers vane hanya, mhando dze "vakakodzera mabhute" vakanyorwa muEN Standard vari kunyatsojeka kupfuura GB Code kana DL / T Code.
3.Muganho wemubhoti
ASME kodhi inoratidzazve mifananidzo yemitambo yemiganhu yemagariro emiganhu yemhando dzinoverengeka dzemhando dzinoverengeka. Chaizvoizvo mifananidzo inopiwawo muGB kodhi. Sekureva kweENGOROT, iyo envelopu yemugodhi wechiitiko inofanirwa kusanganisira hurongwa hwese hwekupomba, zvichitenderera maronda Asi hazvibatanidzi mafuta kana gasi rekudzivirira midziyo, guruva remover, yakamanikidzwa kurira fan uye yakamhanyirwa draft fan. En standard uye mamwe mitemo chaiyo mugove muganho weBoiler Thermodynamic System. Boiler mune "yakapihwa" nyika, uye yekupisa yekuisa, kubuda uye kurasikirwa kunodiwa kuti uwedzere kushanda kwakanaka kunogona kutsanangurwa zvakajeka. Kana zvisingakwanise kuwana vanokwanisa kuyerwa maitiro e "kugovera" chimiro, muganho unogona kutsanangurwa nekubvumirana pakati pemugadziri uye mutengi. Mukupesana, en stand standard inosimbisa iyo nheyo yekukamura muganho weBoiler Thermodynamic system.
4.Standard State uye tembiriro
En standard inotsanangura mamiriro ekumanikidzwa kwe101225pa uye tembiricha ye 0 Iyo yakatarwa standard state yakafanana neGB kodhi; Tembiricha yakaenzana yakafanana neAsme Code.
En stat stat stat Kana dzimwe tembiricha dzinoshandiswa seyekudziya tembiricha, zvinodikanwa kuti ugadzirise iyo mafuta eCalorific.
5.Common coefficients
Iyo sheet inopa yakanyanya kupisa kweiyo steam, mvura, mhepo, mhepo uye zvimwe zvinhu mumhando kubva ku25】 kune yakajairika yekushandisa tembiricha, uye kukosha kwekupisa kweimwe zvinhu zvisina kukwana zvakashata.
5.1 chaiyo yekupisa kukosha
Ona tafura 1 yekupararira chaiyo yekupisa kukosha.
Tafura 1 chaiyo yekupisa kukosha kweimwe zvinhu.
| S / n | Chinhu | Unit | Kukosha |
| 1 | Yakanyanya kupisa yekupfura muhuwandu hwe25 ℃ -150 ℃ | KJ (KGK) | 1.884 |
| 2 | Kupisa kwakananga kwemvura muhuwandu hwe25 ℃ -150 ℃ | KJ (KGK) | 4.21 |
| 3 | Yakanyanya kupisa yemhepo mumhando ye25 ℃ -150 ℃ | KJ (KGK) | 1.011 |
| 4 | Yakanyanya kupisa yemarasha ash uye kubhururuka ash mumhando ye25 ℃ -200 ℃. | KJ (KGK) | 0.84 |
| 5 | Kupisa kwakananga kwehombe kurova mu Solid Slag Discharge choto | KJ (KGK) | 1.0 |
| 6 | Kupisa kwakananga kweiyo yakakura slag mune yemvura ichirova choto | KJ (KGK) | 1.26 |
| 7 | Yakanyanya kupisa yeCaco3 mune huwandu hwe25 ℃ -200 ℃ | KJ (KGK) | 0.97 |
| 8 | Yakanyanya kupisa yeCao muhuwandu hwe25 ℃ -200 ℃ | KJ (KGK) | 0.84 |
Kufanana neGB Code, iyo yekunakidzwa kana yakananga kupisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakapihwa neEN Standard inotora 0】 seyokutanga. ASME kodhi inotsauka kuti 77 ℉ (25 ℃) inotorwa seyinotangira yekuverengera yekunakisa kana yakananga kupisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunze kweiyo steam Enthalpy uye mafuta emafuta endlpy.
MuGB Code, iyo yekupisa chaiyo yezvinhu zvinowanzoitwa zvinoenderana nekudziya kwekuvharirwa kuburikidza ne tafura kana kushandisa chaiyo yekupisa ndiyo yakaenzana nhamba yeCalorific kubva ku0 Zvezvinhu zvatakagadzira uye mvura, iri avhareji yekupisa yakadzika pakugara ichimanikidzwa. OMPE kodhi kazhinji inotora makumi maviri neshanu
Kuenzaniswa neGB Code uye Asme Code, en Standard ine inotevera misiyano yekusiyana mukuona kupisa kwakananga kwezvinhu:
1) Enthalpy kana yakananga kupisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotora 0
2) Tora iyo yakatarwa kukosha kubva ku20't ℃ kune yakajairika yekushandisa tembiricha.
Semuyenzaniso:
| S / n | Chinhu | Unit | Kukosha |
| 1 | Fuel LHV | KJ / KG | 21974 |
| 2 | Flue gasi temp. | ℃ | 132 |
| 3 | Slag temp. | ℃ | 800 |
| 4 | Huwandu hwemvura yemvura inogadzirwa nemafuta emvura | N3/ kg | 0.4283 |
| 5 | Fuel ASH Zvinyorwa | % | 28.49 |
| 6 | Ratio yebhururu herh uye slag | 85:15 |
Yakasanganiswa nedzimwe paramita, apo tembiricha yekudziya iri makumi maviri neshanu
Tafura 2 kuenzanisa kweiyo chaiyo yekupisa kukosha uye yakaverengerwa kurasikirwa kweimwe zvinhu.
| Chinhu | Unit | En standard | GB Mitemo |
| Yakananga kupisa kweSteam muFLEE GES. | KJ / (KGK) | 1.884 | 1.878 |
| Kupisa kwakananga kwekubhururuka ash | KJ / (KGK) | 0.84 | 0.7763 |
| Yakananga kupisa kwezasi slag | KJ / (KGK) | 1.0 | 1.1116 |
| Kurasikirwa kweSteam muFLUE GES | % | 0.3159 | 0.3151 |
| Zvine musoro kupisa kurasikirwa kwekubhururuka ash | % | 0.099 | 0.0915 |
| Zvine musoro kupisa kurasikirwa kwezasi slag | % | 0.1507 | 0.1675 |
| Kurasikirwa Kwese | % | 0.5656 | 0.5741 |
Zvinoenderana nekuenzanisa kwemhedzisiro yekuverenga, kune iyo mafuta akaderera ASH yezvinyorwa, musiyano wezvakakonzerwa nehunhu hwakasiyana hwekupisa kwechinhu pane 0,01 Kuverenga mhinduro, uye kunogona kufuratirwa. Nekudaro, apo iyo inotenderera yemubhedha yemubhedha inopisa yakakwira ash mafuta kana inowedzera limestone yekushambadzira muvira, musiyano wekupisa kwekushisa kunogona kusvika 0.1-0.15 kana kunyange kupfuura.
5.2 CALLIFICE kukosha kweCarbon monoxide.
Sekureva kweEN Standard, iyo Calorific kukosha kweCarbon Monoxide is 1 2.633 mj / m3, izvo zvinonyatsofanana neiyo yeAsme Code 4347btu / LBM (12.643 mj / m3) uye GB Code 12.636 MJ / M3. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, zviri mukati meCarbon monoxide muFlue Gasi yakaderera uye iyo yekupisa kurasikirwa kukosha idiki, saka musiyano muCalarific kukosha kune pesvedzero shoma.
5.3 Kukanganisa kupisa kwezvinhu zvisina kukwana zvakashata.
En standard inopa kukosha kwekupisa kwezvinhu zvisina kukwana kwezvinhu zveanthracite uye lignite mafuta Ash, sezvakaratidzwa muTafura 3.
Tafura 3 inokanganisa kukosha kwezvinhu zvisina kukwana zvakashata.
| Chinhu | Kupiwa chinzvimbo | Kukosha |
| Anthracite Marasha | Mj / kg | 33 |
| Brown marasha | Mj / kg | 27.2 |
Sekureva kweAsme kodhi GB Code haitsanangurire zvikamu zvezvinhu zvinopisa mune eshangu, asi zvinowanzotariswa sebhoni isina kuvharwa. Iyo CALLIFIFIFIFIFIFIFICE ZVIMWE ZVINHU ZVINOGONESESWA MUCHINYANYA MUGBO Code ndeye 33.727MJ / KG. Sekureva kweanthracite mafuta uye en standard, iyo CALLIFICE kukosha kwezvinhu zvisina kukwana zvinhu zvinenge 2.2% yakaderera pane yeidhi code uye GB kodhi. Kuenzaniswa naLsigine, musiyano wakanyanya kutonyanya.
Naizvozvo, zvakafanira kuti uwedzere kudzidza kukosha kwekupa kukosha kweCalarific kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa zveanthracite uye kuremerwa nehutano mudenga.
5.4 Calcination Decompopopposition kupisa kwecalcium kabhoni uye kupisa kwechizvarwa cheSulfate.
Maererano neCalculation Fomucleents yakapihwa muExthiors yakapihwa muExthiors, ASME Code uye DL / T Code, iyo Calciniti Deccempositi yeCalcium Carbonate uye kupisa kweSulfate kunoratidzwa muTafura 4.
Tafura 4 kupisa kwechiitiko uye sulfate kugadzirwa kwecalcium carbonate.
| Chinhu | Kupisa kweCalcium Karbonate DeCucosition KJ / MOL. | Kupisa kweSulfate Fform KJ / MOL. |
| En standard | 178.98 | 501.83 |
| ASME kodhi | 178.36 | 502.06 |
| DL / T Code. | 183 | 486 |
Coefficients yakapihwa neE en standard uye tomme kodhi zvakanyanyisa zvakafanana. Kuenzaniswa neDT / L kodhi, kupisa kweDocompositi
6.Kupisa kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa neradiation uye convection
Sekureva kweEx standard, nekuti kazhinji hazvibviri kuyera radiation uye kuunganidza kurasikirwa (ndiko kuti, anowanzo nzwisiswa kuputsa kurasikirwa), hunhu hunonzwisisika, hunofanirwa kugamuchirwa.
En standard inoda kuti dhizaini yeiyo yakajairika steam boiler inofanirwa kutevedzera fig. 1, "Radiation uye Convection kurasikirwa kwakasiyana nekubuda kwakakura kupisa kwekunze".
Fig. 1 radiation uye convection kurasikirwa mitsara
Kiyi:
A: Radiation uye convection kurasikirwa;
B: Maximum anobatsira anopisa kupisa;
Curve 1: brown marasha, kuputika chiridzwa gasi uye gomba rakaburitswa biiler;
Curve 2: akaoma marasha boiler;
Curve 3: mafuta mafuta uye zvisikwa gasi gasi.
Kana kuwerengerwa zvinoenderana formula (1):
QRC = CQN0.7(1)
Nyora:
C = 0.0113, yakakodzera kune yakagadzirwa nemafuta-emafuta egasi magezi;
0.022, yakakodzera kune inobata anthracite;
0.0315, zvakakodzera kuti zvibirane uye mabobi yemubhedha ane mvura.
Sekureva kwedudziro yekubuda kwekunze muEx
Semuyenzaniso:
| S / n | Chinhu | Unit | Kukosha |
| 1 | Kugona pasi peiyo boiler bmcr | t / h | 1025 |
| 2 | Steam temp. | ℃ | 540 |
| 3 | Steam Kumanikidza | MPA | 17.45 |
| 4 | Fudza mvura yemvura. | ℃ | 252 |
| 5 | Dyisa kumanikidzwa kwemvura | MPA | 18.9 |
Yakasanganiswa neimwe paramita, iyo yakanyanya kunyatsoita yekupisa yebanga iri anenge 773 MW, uye kurasa radiction uye kurasa kweanthracite, ndiko kuti, kupaza kupisa kweshiri kuri kuita 0.298%. Kuenzaniswa nekushambadzira kwekushambadzira kwekurasikirwa kwe5,2
Inofanirwa kuwedzerwa iyo en standard inopa zvakare kuverenga curves kana formula coefficients maererano nemhando dzakasiyana dzemhando uye mhando dzemafuta. OLME kodhi inoda kuti kurasikirwa kwekushisa kufungidzirwa nechiyero, asi "paramende kufungidzira kwakapihwa nevashandi vehunyanzvi vanokwanisa havasi kunze". GB kodhi inopa inopa iyo curve yekuverenga uye formula maererano neyuniti uye boiler muviri.
7.Flue gasi kurasikirwa
Kurasikirwa kwegesi kwegasi kunonyanya kusanganisira kuomesa gasi gasi kurasikirwa, kurasikirwa kwakakonzerwa nekuparadzaniswa kwemvura mune mafuta, kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nehydrogen mune mafuta uye kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nekunyorova mumhepo. Maererano neiyo yekuverenga zano, ASME chiyero chakafanana neGB Code, iyo yakaoma flue kurasikirwa uye kurasikirwa kwemvura inoverengerwa maererano nehuwandu hwekuyerera, nepo GB kuverenga zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekuyerera. En stat statlates manyoreti emhando yemhando yegasi uye chaiyo yekupisa yeiyo yakanyorova gasi gasi rose. Izvo zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti vabati vane mhepo preheater, tembiricha muEx uye GB Code Forple gasi preheater, nepo muAsme Code Formulas ndiyo femafiti gasi huwandu hwege Iyo inlet yemhepo preheater uye iyo flue green tembiricha pakubuda kwePreheater kana iyo mhepo yekudzora mwero wePreheater yakagadziriswa kusvika 0. Ona Tafura 5 yemuenzaniso yeEn uye GB. Kubva patafura 5, inogona kuona kuti kunyangwe nzira dzekuverenga dzakasiyana, mhedzisiro yekuverenga ndeyechokwadi.
Tafura 5 Kuenzanisa kweFlue Gasi Kupera kurasikirwa kurasikirwa neGB neEN.
| S / n | Chinhu | Chiratidzo | Unit | GB | EN |
| 1 | Akagamuchira base kabhoni | Car | % | 65.95 | 65.95 |
| 2 | Gamuchira base hydrogen | Har | % | 3.09 | 3.09 |
| 3 | Yakagamuchira base okisijeni | Oar | % | 3.81 | 3.81 |
| 4 | Gamuchira base nitrogen | Nar | % | 0.86 | 0.86 |
| 5 | Yakagashirwa base sarufa | Sar | % | 1.08 | 1.08 |
| 6 | Unyoro hwese | Mar | % | 5.30 | 5.30 |
| 7 | Akagamuchira base ash | Aar | % | 19.91 | 19.91 |
| 8 | Net Calorific kukosha | Qnet, ar | KJ / KG | 25160 | 25160 |
| 9 | Carbon dioxide mu flue gasi | CO2 | % | 14.5 | 14.5 |
| 10 | Oxygen zvemukati muFLUE GES | O2 | % | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| 11 | Nitrogen muFLUE GES | N2 | % | 81.5 | 81.5 |
| 12 | Datum tembiricha | Tr | ℃ | 25 | 25 |
| 13 | Flue tembiricha | Tpy | ℃ | 120.0 | 120.0 |
| 14 | Yakananga kupisa kweiyo yakaoma fema gasi | Cp.gy | KJ / M3℃ | 1.357 | / |
| 15 | Yakananga kupisa kwe steam | CH2O | KJ / M3℃ | 1.504 | / |
| 16 | Yakananga kupisa kweiyo yakanyorova gasi. | CpG | KJ / KGK | / | 1.018 |
| 17 | Kupisa kurasikirwa kweiyo yakaoma fema gasi. | q2gy | % | 4.079 | / |
| 18 | Kupisa kupisa kwe steam | q2rM | % | 0.27 | / |
| 19 | Kupisa kurasikirwa kwefenzi gasi | q2 | % | 4.349 | 4.351 |
8.Kubudirira Kurangwa
Sezvo kazhinji hazvigoneke kuita iyo unit performance yekugamuchira test pasi peiyo mwero kana inovimbiswa magetsi uye pasi peyakagadziriswa mamiriro ezvinhu, inodiwa kugadzirisa iyo bvunzo mhedzisiro kune iyo miganho kana yekuita contracting mamiriro. Zvese zviyero zvitatu / mirau inoisa kumberi kwavo nzira dzekururamisa, iyo ine zvakafanana nezvimwe zvakati nemisiyano.
8.1 zvinhu zvakagadziridzwa.
Zvese zviyero zvitatu zvakagadzirisa iyo inlet Air mafuta mune zvakadzama.
8.2 Nzira yekururamisa.
Nzira dzekudzokorora dzeGB Code uye ASME kodhi yakafanana, iyo yekutsiva iyo yakagadziridzwa paramita neyekutanga yekuverenga Fomula yezvinhu uye kuedzazve kuti vawane iyo yekudzokorora kurasikirwa kurasikirwa kurasikirwa. Iyo nzira yekugadzirisa yeE en standard yakasiyana neGB kodhi uye ASME kodhi. En Standard inoda kuti mutsauko wakaenzana Musiyano wekurasikirwa uye kurasikirwa kwekutanga kurasikirwa kurasikirwa.
8.3 Mafuta ekunyora shanduko uye mamiriro ekugadzirisa.
GB Code uye ASME Code haigumure shanduko yemafuta mukuedzwa kwekuita, chero bedzi mapato ese ari maviri asvika chibvumirano. Iyo DL / T inowedzera inowedzera kusiyana kwekutanga kweyekuyevedza mafuta, uye en standard inoisa zviyero zvakajeka zvehurongwa hwekunyoroveswa kwehunyoro hwenhema. haafanire kupfuura gumi muzana, uye kutsauka kweYash kubva kukosha kwekusimbiswa hakufanirwe kupfuura gumi neshanu muzana pamberi pekururamisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, inotsanangurwa kuti kana kutsauka kwebvunzo kunopfuura huwandu hwekutsauka kwega kwega, bvunzo yekugamuchira inogona kungoitwa chete mushure mekubvumirana pakati pemugadziri uye mushandisi.
8.4 Mafuta Calorific Center kugadziriswa.
GB uye ASME kodhi haitsananguri kururamisa kweex calorfic kukosha. En stat status inosimbisa kuti kana tembiricha yakabvumirirwa isiri makumi maviri neshanu Fomu rekururamisa riri seinotevera:
Ha: Net Calorificer kukosha kwemafuta pakurehwa kwekudziya kwe25 ℃;
Hm: Fuel Net Calorifiiz inogadziriswa yakarongedzwa zvinoenderana neiyo yakabvumidzwa rezita rekudzidzira tr.
9.Kanganiso yekuyedza uye kusagadzikana
Kusanganisira boiler performance bvunzo, chero bvunzo inogona kunge iine zvikanganiso. Kuedza kweyedzo kunonyanya kuumbwa nezvikanganiso zvakarongeka, zvikanganiso zvisina kurongeka, uye zvikanganiso zvekupiswa, Etcrcal matatu maitiro anodiwa kuti zvikanganiso zvinofanirwa kuongororwa uye kubviswa zvakanyanya sezvazvinogona bvunzo. ASME kodhi uye en standard yakaiswa kumberi zvinoenderana nepfungwa dzekusagadzikana uye kusagadzikana.
Sekureva kweGB bvunzo Zvemukati, kukanganisa kwekuyera uye kukanganisa kwekuongorora kwechiyero chega kwega uye kuongororwa kwechimwe chinhu kwakaverengerwa, uye kwekupedzisira kukanganisa kwekuverenga kunowanikwa kuti utonge kana muedzo wakakodzera.
Zvinotaurwa mune zvitsauko zvakaringana zveAgme kodhi iyo yese mapato emuedzo inofanirwa kuona tsika dzinogamuchirwa dzekusagadzikana kwemuedzo upi upi upi, uye izvi zvinodzidziswa zvinonzi kusaziva kwemigumisiro. ASME kodhi inopa nzira yekuverenga yekusagadzikana. Iyo ALME kodhi inotaurawo kuti mushure mekunge bvunzo yega yega yapera, kusagadzikana kunofanirwa kuverengerwa maererano nezvitsauko zvakakodzera zvekodhi uye Actme PTC 19.1 kodhi. Kana iyo yekuverengerwa isina chokwadi yakakura kupfuura chinangwa chekusavimbika chakasvika pamberi, bvunzo ichave isingabvumirwe. Kodhi yeAsme inosimbisa kuti kusagadzikana kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo haisi iyo inobvumirwa kukanganisa kwekuita kwemubhoti, uye izvi zvisina kujairika zvinongoshandiswa kutonga chikamu chechiitiko chekuita (kureva kuti muedzo wacho uchishanda kana kuti kwete) kuita kwemubhoti.
EN Standard Sripulates kuti kuwirirana kwekupedzisira kusaziva zvinoenderana nehuwandu sekusavimbika kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chinhu chimwe chikamu, uyezve chinowanzosvikirwa neUT chivakwa zvinoenderana neyekutevera formula:
UTβ = ηβxx
Kana mamiriro anotevera akasangana, anozoonekwa kuti kukosha kwekusimbiswa kwekubudirira kunowanikwa:
ηβg≤≤≤ + ufu
Mune iyo:
η g ndicho chisimba kukosha kwekubudirira;
ש ndiko kukosha kwakarongeka.
Zvinogona kunyatsoonekwa kubva pamusoro pekukurukurirana pamusoro kuti kuongorora kwekukanganisa kweGB uye kuverenga kwekusagadzikana muAppment Code. MuEnd muganho haatongi kuti muedzo wabudirira, uyo unonyatsorondedzera kuti index inoshanda ndeyekuita.
10.Mhedziso
GB10184-88, DL / T964-2005, ASME PTC4-19 uye en12592-15: 2003 Sriplate Kubudirira Kwekuwana bvunzo uye nzira yekubvumirana kwekuita kwekuita kunoenderana neuchapupu. GB uye macode emakodhi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muChina, nepo en zviyero zvisingawanzo kushandiswa mukugamuchirwa kwemba.
Pfungwa huru yeBoiler Performance yekuongorora bvunzo inotsanangurwa nemitemo mitatu yakafanana, asi nekuda kweiyo dzakasiyana masisitimu, pane misiyano mune zvakawanda zvakawanda. Iri pepa rinoita kuti vamwe vaongororwe uye kuenzanisa kwezvikamu zvitatu, izvo zvinokonzeresa kushandisa zviyero zvemasirimu akasiyana zvakanyanya mukugamuchirwa kwepurojekiti. En standard haina kushandiswa zvakanyanya muChina, asi zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore zvakadzama nekutsvagisa pane zvimwe zvezvimwe zvezvakapihwa. Kuita gadziriro yehunyanzvi mune izvi, kusimudzira kutumirwa kwebhandi repamba kuenda kune imwe nyika kana dunhu rinoshandisa iyo eu standard, uye kuvandudza shanduko yedu kumusika wepasi rose.
Kutumira Nguva: Dec-04-2021